{"id":534,"date":"2014-10-24T08:50:03","date_gmt":"2014-10-24T08:50:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/?p=534"},"modified":"2014-10-24T12:29:27","modified_gmt":"2014-10-24T12:29:27","slug":"la-nostra-linea-era-nove-metri-dal-nemico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/10\/24\/la-nostra-linea-era-nove-metri-dal-nemico\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;La nostra linea era a nove metri dal nemico&#8230;&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- iframe plugin v.6.0 wordpress.org\/plugins\/iframe\/ -->\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/cba.fro.at\/271871\/embed?&#038;socialmedia=true&#038;title=false&#038;subscribe=true&#038;series_link=true\" width=\"100%\" height=\"250\" style=\"border:none; width:100%; height:250;\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stimmen of the Sch\u00fctzengraben #17<\/strong> deals once more with the <strong>Alpine front<\/strong> (see episode<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/09\/lassu-cera-solo-una-galleria-nel-ghiaccio\/\"> #10<\/a>).\u00a0 In the first half of the show we try to give a general impression of war in the mountains while the second half is dedicated to specific episodes and situations.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_545\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-545\" style=\"width: 1013px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/ortler-settembre-1917.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-545\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/ortler-settembre-1917.jpg\" alt=\"Austrian soldiers on the Ortler, September 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliotek)\" width=\"1013\" height=\"1409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/ortler-settembre-1917.jpg 1013w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/ortler-settembre-1917-215x300.jpg 215w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/ortler-settembre-1917-736x1024.jpg 736w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1013px) 100vw, 1013px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-545\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Austrian soldiers on the Ortler, September 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliothek)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>We begin with <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fritz_Weber_%28Schriftsteller%29\">Fritz Weber<\/a><\/strong> (see episode <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/10\/20\/ehe-der-italiener-um-hilfe-schreien-kann-packen-ihn-nervige-faeuste\/\">#16<\/a>), an Austrian Lieutenant who witnessed the war against Italy from the <strong>very first days<\/strong> (he was at <a href=\"http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Werk_Verle\">Fort Verle<\/a> when it was heavily bombed by Italian artillery in may 1915) to the <strong>very end<\/strong>, fighting on different scenarios such as Monte Cimone (see episode <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/10\/20\/ehe-der-italiener-um-hilfe-schreien-kann-packen-ihn-nervige-faeuste\/\">#16<\/a>) and the Alpine front, but also taking part in several battles on the <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Battles_of_the_Isonzo\">Isonzo front<\/a><\/strong> (see episodes <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/25\/ho-parlato-lungo-col-pilota-austriaco-stringendogli-la-mano\/\">#13<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/17\/je-vous-dirai-que-malgre-mon-masque-jen-avais-trop-respire\/\">#12<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/09\/bishop-said-ways-god-strange\/\">#11<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/07\/29\/204\/\">#5<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/07\/23\/wenn-ich-stellung-bin-schickt-bitte-noch-etwas-zucker-lichter-tabletten\/\">#4<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/06\/30\/1914-1918-kriegsberichte-aus-erster-hand\/\">#1<\/a>)). At Fort Verle Weber became friends with <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Luis_Trenker\">Luis Trenker<\/a><\/strong>, with whom he wrote several books related with the war on the Alps. Trenkler also directed a film on this topic, released in 1931 with the title &#8220;Bergen in Flammen&#8221;, here with Italian subtitles:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<!-- iframe plugin v.6.0 wordpress.org\/plugins\/iframe\/ -->\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/69WpYt0BUd4?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" 0=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\"><\/iframe>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The Source of this document is the book &#8220;Der Alpenkrieg&#8221;, also published with the titles &#8220;Das Ende einer Armee&#8221; and &#8220;<strong>Das Ende der alte Armee<\/strong>&#8221; (for more details about the editions of this book see episode <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/10\/20\/ehe-der-italiener-um-hilfe-schreien-kann-packen-ihn-nervige-faeuste\/\">#16<\/a>).\u00a0 The selected passage belongs to the first part of the book, &#8220;Granaten und Lawinen&#8221;. At pages 82-83 the author gives an impression of <strong>what the war in the Alps looked like<\/strong>: avalanches, cold, <strong>deadly nature<\/strong>. But also enemies that could dig silent <strong>galleries<\/strong> under fresh snow, spring all of a sudden out of the ground, <strong>kill<\/strong> and capture in the <strong>twinkling of an eye<\/strong>. They would then vanish in the snow, before any help could come. These pages are related to the winter 1916-1917 on <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasubio\">Mount Pasubio<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_548\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548\" style=\"width: 1263px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/alpini-1915.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-548\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/alpini-1915.jpg\" alt=\"Italian Alpini in 1915 (Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France)\" width=\"1263\" height=\"991\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/alpini-1915.jpg 1263w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/alpini-1915-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/alpini-1915-1024x803.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1263px) 100vw, 1263px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-548\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Italian Alpini in 1915 (Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale de France)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The second document of the week is a passage from the book &#8220;<strong>Un anno sul Pasubi<\/strong>o&#8221;, by Italian officer <strong>Michele Campana<\/strong>. He was assigned to the infantry brigade &#8220;<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brigata_%22Liguria%22\">Liguria<\/a><\/strong>&#8220;, which defended a very difficult position from July to November <strong>1916<\/strong>. In some sectors there were only <strong>9 meters between Italian and Austrian lines<\/strong>, with only one barbed wire fence in the middle. The stress was extremely high and the soldiers had to lay on the ground most of the times, with their rifle and hand grenades ready for use.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_549\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-549\" style=\"width: 213px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/austrian-sniper-1916.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-549 \" src=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/austrian-sniper-1916.jpg\" alt=\"Austrian sniper, 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliothek)\" width=\"213\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/austrian-sniper-1916.jpg 977w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/austrian-sniper-1916-300x202.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-549\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Austrian sniper, 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliothek)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Austrian snipers<\/strong> were one of the biggest dangers, because they rarely missed their shot. Most of them were used to <strong>hunting big game<\/strong> before the war and already had a <strong>great experience<\/strong> with scoped rifles. Moreover, the adoption of <strong>explosive rounds<\/strong> by the Austro-Hungarian Army is well documented, although their use was forbidden against human targets by the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saint_Petersburg_Declaration_of_1868\">Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868<\/a>. Their shots, usually aimed at the head, were <strong>extremely deadly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In his book, Campana recalls a <strong>conversation<\/strong> with one of these snipers. The man came from Tirol and had been taken prisoner, but still carried with pride the case of a <strong>rifle scope<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Curiosity<\/strong>: the Italian word for &#8220;sniper&#8221; is &#8220;<strong>cecchino<\/strong>&#8220;. During WWI Italian soldiers often referred to the enemy as &#8220;<strong>Cecco Beppe<\/strong>&#8220;, short form of &#8220;<strong>Francesco Giuseppe<\/strong>&#8221; (<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria\">Fanz Josef<\/a>, the Austrian <strong>Kaiser<\/strong>). &#8220;Cecchino&#8221; is a further diminutive of &#8220;Cecco Beppe&#8221;. It is not possible to say who started using this ironical nickname to identify the invisible threat, but it became so popular that\u00a0 it is <strong>still part of the common language<\/strong>. Using a common man&#8217;s name for the enemy is a well documented practice: British soldiers were called &#8220;<strong>Tommys<\/strong>&#8221; by the Germans, who in return were called &#8220;<strong>Fritz<\/strong>&#8221; by the British. Similar nicknames were used during WWII, and during the Vietnam War American troops referred to the Vietcong as &#8220;Charlie&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_551\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-551\" style=\"width: 1173px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/tiratore-austriaco-ortler-settembre-1917.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-551\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/tiratore-austriaco-ortler-settembre-1917.jpg\" alt=\"Austrian soldier on the Ortler, September 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliothek)\" width=\"1173\" height=\"1680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/tiratore-austriaco-ortler-settembre-1917.jpg 1173w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/tiratore-austriaco-ortler-settembre-1917-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/tiratore-austriaco-ortler-settembre-1917-714x1024.jpg 714w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1173px) 100vw, 1173px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-551\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Austrian soldier on the Ortler, September 1916 (\u00d6sterreichische Nationalbibliothek)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The third document is an extract from the war journal of <strong>Thomas Bergner<\/strong> (see episode <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/09\/lassu-cera-solo-una-galleria-nel-ghiaccio\/\">#10<\/a>). The was written on the\u00a0 <strong>24 July 1915<\/strong> in the\u00a0So\u010da valley, and it shows how hard the life on the mountains was, <strong>even in summer<\/strong>. the weather was <strong>windy<\/strong> and <strong>rainy<\/strong>, very <strong>cold<\/strong>, and the only source of drinkable water was the <strong>snow<\/strong> in the fissures between rocks, that soldiers had to fetch risking their lives. A transcription of the diaries and letters of Thomas Bergner is available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.europeana1914-1918.eu\/en\/contributions\/13071\">http:\/\/www.europeana1914-1918.eu\/en\/contributions\/13071<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_553\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-553\" style=\"width: 1333px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/foto-varie-top_clip_image002_0005.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-553\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/foto-varie-top_clip_image002_0005.jpg\" alt=\"Italian Alpini during WWI (www.nondimenticare.com)\" width=\"1333\" height=\"852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/foto-varie-top_clip_image002_0005.jpg 1333w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/foto-varie-top_clip_image002_0005-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/files\/2014\/10\/foto-varie-top_clip_image002_0005-1024x654.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-553\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Italian Alpini during WWI (www.nondimenticare.com)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The last document of this episode is a short passage taken from the memories of Italian soldier <strong>Giacomo Pesenti<\/strong> (see episode <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/09\/09\/lassu-cera-solo-una-galleria-nel-ghiaccio\/\">#10<\/a>). He once was on <strong>watch duty<\/strong> with two other soldiers on a ridge of the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%B6nigspitze\"><strong>K\u00f6nigsspitze<\/strong><\/a> (Gran Zebr\u00f9), on the border between Sud Tirol and Lombardy. They wanted to shoot against the Austrian trench to let them know they were awake and alert, but as soon as they pulled the trigger they were <strong>struck by lightning<\/strong>. Pesenti says the weather was not stormy, and there was only one single black cloud above them. He was thrown against a wooden balk and hit his head, but one of his comrades was less lucky, and was <strong>seriously injured<\/strong>. Pesenti informed his headquarters and unplugged the telephone to avoid attracting more lightning.<br \/>\nThe short extract comes from the book \u201cLa Grande Guerra in Lombardia\u201d, by <span dir=\"ltr\">Giuseppe Magrin<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-Credits-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Editing: Eva Schmidhuber, Matteo Coletta.<br \/>\nCommentary: Matteo Coletta.<\/p>\n<p>Voices in this episode: Norbert K. Hund as Fritz Weber,\u00a0 Matteo Coletta as Michele Campana\u00a0 and Giacomo Pesenti, Roman Reischl as Thomas Bergner.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jingle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Music: Gregoire Lourme, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamendo.com\/de\/track\/1063185\/fire-arrows-and-shields\">Fire arrows and shields<\/a>\u201d<br \/>\nConcept: Matteo Coletta<br \/>\nVoices: Hannes Hochwasser, Matteo Coletta, Roman Reischl, L.J. Ounsworth, Norbert K. Hund.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Stimmen of the Sch\u00fctzengraben #17 deals once more with the Alpine front (see episode #10).\u00a0 In the first half of the show we try to give a general impression of war in the mountains while the second half is dedicated to specific episodes and situations. &nbsp; &nbsp; We begin with Fritz Weber (see episode &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/2014\/10\/24\/la-nostra-linea-era-nove-metri-dal-nemico\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;La nostra linea era a nove metri dal nemico&#8230;&#8221;<\/span> weiterlesen <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":676,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4UhV1-8C","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/676"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=534"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":566,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/534\/revisions\/566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.radiofabrik.at\/stimmen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}